Anket tasarımını tanımlamak
The first question elicited information on … Seven questions, adapted from X, assessed …
All survey questions utilised a 5-point Likert scale. Using a 5-point Likert scale, participants were asked …
A short questionnaire was designed to ascertain the participants' … The questionnaire was designed to measure the following constructs:
Participants were asked to respond using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from …
The questions asked participants to rate how strongly they agreed with each statement.
The study began with two open-ended survey questions that asked participants to indicate …
The questionnaire asked participants to complete three open-ended questions that asked about …
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The first question |
was designed to |
find out …
gauge how much… ascertain whether … identify the types of …
test participants’ knowledge of … measure the students' ability to explain …
elicit a simple answer to a complex question about … |
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Question 2
The third question The final question |
asked participants |
to list … to rank …
to provide … to describe … to reflect on …
to choose between … to indicate whether …
to rate how much they liked … |
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Question 2 asked participants to indicate |
whether … which of three …
where and when …
the extent to which they … what they liked best about … how often they think about … what their preferred X is for … what percentage of the time … |
|
Q2 asked participants to rate |
themselves as … the intensity of … their interest in …
the importance of … their perception of … the extent to which … how frequently they …
their level of agreement with …
how strongly they agreed with the statement … |
on a 5-point Likert scale. |
Süreci tanımlamak: istatistiksel prosedürler
The data were normalised using ...
A p value <0.05 was considered significant. Descriptive data were generated for all variables. Reliability was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. All analyses were carried out using SPSS, version 26.
Non-parametric tests were used to compare the number of … Independent sample t-tests were carried out to assess whether … Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 26). Significance levels were set at the 1% level using the student t-test. Data management and analysis were performed using SPSS 26.0 (2019).
A Pearson correlation analysis was conducted in order to assess the strength of …
An independent t-test was carried out on each of the variables to determine whether …
The mean score for the two trials was subjected to multivariate analysis of variance to determine ...
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An independent t-test was |
run used
conducted performed carried out |
to |
assess whether …
test the hypothesis that … compare the mean scores of…
determine whether there was a difference … test for differences between the two groups. test whether any differences existed between … |
Metodolojik problemleri ya da kısıtları belirtmek
In particular, the analysis of X was problematic.
In observational studies, there is a potential for bias from …
The small size of the dataset meant that it was not possible to ... Further data collection is required to determine exactly how X affects Y.
Another major source of uncertainty is in the method used to calculate X. In this investigation there are several sources for error. The main error is ...
It was not possible to investigate the significant relationships of X and Y further because… The responses relating to X were subjective and were therefore susceptible to recall bias.
Sonuçların Raporlanması
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Bir araştırma makalesinin veya tezin bu bölümüne yönelik standart yaklaşım, sonuçları sistematik ve ayrıntılı bir şekilde sunmak ve açıklamaktır. Araştırmacı, nitel sonuçları bildirirken analizden ortaya çıkan temaları vurgulayacak ve yorumlayacaktır. Bu yorumlar genellikle ham verilerden alıntılarla gösterilecektir. Metin temelli çalışmalarda bu, birincil kaynaklardan alıntılar içerebilir. Nicel araştırmalarda, sonuçlar bölümünün tablo ve şekillerden oluşması muhtemeldir ve yazarlar bunlarda sunulan önemli veriler hakkında yorum yaparlar. Bu genellikle, tablo veya şekli tanımlayan ve içeriğini belirten konum veya özet ifadesi ve ilgili veya önemli verilere işaret eden ve açıklayan vurgulayıcı ifade veya ifadeler şeklini alır. Tüm şekil ve tablolar numaralandırılmalı ve bir başlık verilmelidir.
Sonuçlarla ilgili daha ayrıntılı yorumlar normalde Tartışma bölümüyle sınırlıdır. Bununla birlikte, araştırma makalelerinde yazarlar, sunuldukları şekilde sonuçları hakkında kapsamlı bir şekilde yorum yapabilirler ve Sonuçlar bölümünün Tartışma bölümü ile birlikte "Sonuçlar ve Tartışma" (Results and Discussions) başlığı altında birleştirilmesi nadir görülen bir durum değildir. |
Araştırma amaç ya da prosedürlerine atıf yapmak
The first set of questions aimed to … To compare the difference between … The purpose of Experiment 3 was to …
Simple statistical analysis was used to ... The next question asked the informants … To assess X, the Y questionnaire was used. Changes in X and Y were compared using ... The third research question was whether …
Regression analysis was used to predict the ...
To distinguish between these two possibilities, ... The first set of analyses examined the impact of ... The correlation between X and Y was tested using …
T-tests were used to analyse the relationship between ... The average scores of X and Y were compared in order to ... In order to assess Z, repeated-measures ANOVAs were used.
Nine items on the questionnaire measured the extent to which ...
To compare the scores three weeks after initial screening, a global ANOVA F-test was used. The Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship …
Geçiş: bir sonraki sonuca geçme
If we now turn to ...
Further analysis shows that ... Further statistical tests revealed ...
Further analysis of the data reveals …
A comparison of the two results reveals ... Turning now to the experimental evidence on ... Comparing the two results, it can be seen that ...
The next section of the survey was concerned with ...
In the final part of the survey, respondents were asked ...
Bir tablo ya da grafikteki veriye atıf yapmak
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Table 1
Figure 1 |
shows displays presents provides compares |
an overview of ...
the experimental data on X. the summary statistics for ...
the breakdown of X according to ...
the median and range of scores for each group.
the intercorrelations among the nine measures of X. the results obtained from the preliminary analysis of X.
the scatter diagram of the relationship between X and Y. |
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As shown in Figure 1,
As can be seen from the table (above), Looking at Figure 3, it is apparent that … From the graph above we can see that …
It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that … |
the X group reported significantly more Y than … |
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The table below illustrates The pie chart above shows
The top half of the table shows The bottom half of the table shows |
the proportion of different categories of ... |
|
Means and standard deviations of X The results of the correlational analysis
The themes identified in these responses
The results obtained from the preliminary analysis of X |
are shown are set out are displayed are presented
are summarised
can be seen
can be compared |
in Table 1.
in Figure 1. |
Bir tablo ya da grafikteki anlamlı (önemli) veriye vurgu yapmak
What stands out in the table is … Closer inspection of the table shows …
The X in Figure 2 is interesting because …
It is apparent from this table that very few ... The most interesting aspect of this graph is … In Fig.10 there is a clear trend of decreasing …
What is striking about the figures in this table is … An inspection of the data in Table 1.5 reveals that …
What is interesting about the data in this table is that ... The differences between X and Y are highlighted in Table 4.
From the chart, it can be seen that by far the greatest demand is for ... From this data, we can see that Study 2 resulted in the lowest value of ... This table is quite revealing in several ways. First, unlike the other tables ...
From the data in Figure 9, it is apparent that the length of time left between ... Data from this table can be compared with the data in Table 4.6 which shows ...
As Table III shows, there is a significant difference (t = -2.15, p = 0.03) between the two groups.
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What stands out in this |
table chart figure |
is the growth of … is the high rate of …
is the dominance of … is the wide range of …
is the rapid decrease in … is the general pattern of …
is the difference between …
is the wide disparity between … is the markedly lower rates of … |
Pozitif bir sonucu belirtmek
The mean score for X was ... An increase in X was detected.
A two-way ANOVA revealed that ... Participants’ ratings of X indicated … On average, Xs were shown to have ...
Strong evidence of X was found when ... This result is significant at the p = 0.05 level.
The results, as shown in Table 1, indicate that ...
A positive correlation was found between X and Y. There was a significant positive correlation between ...
The difference between the X and Y groups was significant. There was a significant difference between the two conditions ... There were small but significant negative correlations between …
A significant difference was found between X1 and X2, t(11) = 2.906, p<0.01. Respondents who reported low levels of X also reported significantly lower levels of Y.
There is a moderate correlation (r2 = 0.60, significant at less than 1% probability) between …
Negatif bir sonucu belirtmek
No increase in X was detected.
No difference greater than X was observed.
No significant differences were found between ... None of these differences were statistically significant.
No significant difference between the two groups was evident. No significant reduction in X was found compared with placebo.
No evidence was found for non-linear associations between X and Y.
No significant correlation was found between X scores and the Y scores (p = .274)
X appeared to be unaffected by Y.
Only trace amounts of X were detected in ...
There was no evidence that X has an influence on …
The results of this experiment show no clear-cut pattern of …
The Chi-square test did not show any significant differences between ... There was no significant difference between the groups with respect to ... Overall, X did not affect males and females differently in these measures.
A clear benefit of X in the prevention of Y could not be identified in this analysis. T-tests found no significant differences in mean scores on the X and Y subscales.
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There was no |
increase of X associated with ... significant difference between ... evidence that X has an influence on … observed difference in the number of … |
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No statistically significant |
difference correlation |
between the means was found. between the two groups was evident. was observed between X and Y groups.
was found between X score and the Y scores.
between the mean scores of these groups was evident. |
Pozitif ve negatif sonuçları bildirmek
X occurred with successive increases in Y.
With successive increases in intensity of the X, the Y moved further to ... Following the addition of X, a significant increase (p<0.05) in the Y was recorded.
Combining X with Y did not produce … Stimulation of X with Y did not increase the ...
When X cells were stimulated with Y, no significant difference in Z was detected.
İlginç ya da şaşırtıcı sonuçları vurgulamak
Interestingly, the X was observed to ... This result is somewhat counterintuitive.
Interestingly, this correlation is related to ... The more surprising correlation is with the ... Surprisingly, only a minority of respondents …
The most surprising aspect of the data is in the ...
The correlation between X and Y is interesting because ... The most striking result to emerge from the data is that ... Interestingly, there were also differences in the ratios of ...
Interestingly, a significant interaction of X and Y was also observed.
The single most striking observation to emerge from the data comparison was ...
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This is a/an (rather) |
surprising significant interesting remarkable unexpected disappointing |
result. outcome. |
|
One
A further
An important |
issue theme factor problem concept category |
that emerged |
from the data was …
from the interviews was … during the pilot interviews was …
at the initial stages of the analytic process was … |
Anket ve mülakatlar: Yanıt oranlarını bildirmek
The overall response to the survey was poor. Thirty-two individuals returned the questionnaires.
The response rate was 60% at six months and 56% at 12 months.
Of the study population, 90 subjects completed and returned the questionnaire.
Of 150 potential participants who were sent invitations, 80 agreed to take part in …
By the end of the survey period, data had been collected from 64 individuals, 23 of whom were …
There were 53 responses to the question: ‘...?’ Respondents were asked to indicate whether ...
The total number of responses for this question was ... The overall response to this question was very positive. Respondents were asked to suggest other reasons for ...
In response to the question: ‘...?’, a range of responses was elicited.
This section of the questionnaire required respondents to give information on ...
Anket ve mülakatlar: Oranları bildirmek
Over half of those surveyed reported that ...
A minority of participants (17%) indicated that ...
70% of those who were interviewed indicated that ....
Almost two-thirds of the participants (64%) said that ....
The majority of those who responded to this item felt that ...
When asked whether ..., 90% of the respondents reported that ...
Just over half of those who answered this question reported that ...
In response to Question 1, most of those surveyed indicated that ...
When the participants were asked ……, the majority commented that ...
Of the 148 patients who completed the questionnaire, just over half indicated that ...
Anket ve mülakatlar: Temaları bildirmek
Another reported problem was … Opinions differed as to whether … Concerns were expressed about …
A number of issues were identified …
A variety of perspectives were expressed … These views surfaced mainly in relation to … Concerns regarding X were more widespread. There was a sense of X amongst interviewees. Five broad themes emerged from the analysis.
A common view amongst interviewees was that … One concern expressed regarding X was whether … This theme came up for example in discussions of …
The themes of X and Y recurred throughout the dataset. Particularly revealing is how the participants described … Two discrete reasons emerged from this. First.................................... Second …
Two divergent and often conflicting discourses emerged …
Of the five themes, ‘X’ was the most frequently coded theme in the data. Issues related to X were not particularly prominent in the interview data. The responses to Question 1 could be grouped into the following themes:
A recurrent theme in the interviews was a sense amongst interviewees that …
Anket ve mülakatlar: Mülakat/Görüşme verilerinden belirli alıntıları paylaşmak
As one interviewee said: ‘.. ’ As one interviewee put it: ‘........... ’
One informant reported that ...
The comment below illustrates ...
One participant commented: ‘.. ’
For example, one interviewee said: ‘.. ’
In one case, the participant thought that … Another interviewee, when asked …, said: ‘............... ’
Other responses to this question included: ‘.. ’
Another interviewee alluded to the notion of ...
Talking about this issue an interviewee said: ‘.. ’
Commenting on X, one of the interviewees said …
One individual stated that ‘...’ And another commented ‘.. ’
